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(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium)
Events
Significant persons
- Appius Claudius Caecus, Aqua Appia, Via Appia, invented letter G
- Mencius, Chinese philosopher and sage (371 - 289 BC).
- Euclid, geometer (c. 365 - 275 BC).
- Ashoka, Mauryan ruler of India 273 BC - 232 BC.
- Arcesilaus, founder of new Academy
- Archimedes of Syracuse, mathematician, physicist, and engineer (c. 287 - 212 BC).
- Manetho, wrote History of Egypt
- The Ptolemaic dynasty rules Egypt
- Eratosthenes (c. 276 - 194 BC), Greek mathematician, geographer and astronomer.
- Apollonius of Perga, mathematician (c. 262 - 190 BC).
- Qin Shi Huang, Chinese Emperor (259 - 210 BC, reigned 246 - 210 BC).
- Hannibal, military leader of Carthage (247 - 182 BC).
- the "second" Brennus, Gaulish chieftain, invades Macedonia in 279 BC
- Xun Zi, founder of Legalism (philosophy)
- Zeno of Citium, founder of Stoicism
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
- Eratosthenes accurately calculates diameter of the Earth
- Weiqi well-established in China, and may date back to the 2nd millennium BC
- Stone of Canopus (for Ptolemy III), No. 1, in Rosetta Stone Series of 3 stones. Implements Leap year in Egypt. Leap year not formally recognized until Caesar in 55 B.C.
- 293 BC: first Roman Sundial [Pliny (79ce): Natural History 7.213]
Decades and years
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